What a Difference a Century Makes: 1913
President: Woodrow Wilson
Vice President: Thomas R. Marshall
Virginia Governor: William Hodges Mann
Chief Justice Supreme Court: Edward Douglass White
VA Senators: Charles A. Swanson & Thomas Martin
BORN
- Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (1969-74)
- Lloyd Bridges, actor (Sea Hunt, Roots, Airplane)
- Rosa Lee Parks, civil rights activist (bus protestor)
- Menachem Begin, Israeli PM (1977-83, Nobel 1978)
Tyrone Power, American actor
DIED
![1913 Flood in Mid-West 1913 Flood in Mid-West](//www.annandalechamber.com/Historic Photos/1913_Flood_Marietta canoes_03b.jpg)
- Harriet Tubman, abolitionist, conductor on Underground RR
- John Pierpont Morgan, US banker/US Steel Corp, dies at 75.
- Emily Wilding Davison, suffragette, trampled to death by horse
- Adolphus Busch, American brewer (Anheuser-Busch)
-
![1913 Flood Dayton, Ohio 1913 Flood Dayton, Ohio](//www.annandalechamber.com/Historic Photos/Main St. Dayton Ohio during 1913 flood.jpg)
HISTORICAL EVENTS
- US Post office begins parcel post deliveries
- 1st minimum wage law in US takes effect in Oregon.
- Federal income tax takes effect (16th amendment)
- Bill creating U.S. Federal Reserve System becomes law.
- Brooklyn Dodger's Ebbets Field opens, Phillies win 1-0
-
![Ford Assembly Line 1913 Ford Assembly Line](//www.annandalechamber.com/Historic Photos/Model T Assembly Line 1913.JPG)
- NY Armory Show introduces Picasso, Matisse, Duchamp to the American public.
- Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett's Charge; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.
- Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley
- Henry Ford institutes a moving assembly line.
- Mona Lisa stolen in Aug 1911 is returned to the Louvre.
- The House of Romanov celebrates the 300th anniversary of its succession to the throne, amidst an outpouring of monarchist sentiment in Russia.
- Ernest Rutherford & Niels Bohr describe atomic structure.
- Australia begins building the new federal capital of Canberra.
- The First chelsea Flower Show is held in London.
- The Country of Albania is formed.
- NY football Giants sign Jim Thorpe.
- October 31 – The Lincoln Highway, the first automobile road across the United States, is dedicated.
- The Great Lakes Storm claims 19 ships and more than 250 lives.
- Mexico is in revolution, war rages in the Balkans, & aviation experiences many firsts, such as the first parachute jump & first complete loop.
- Suffragettes demonstrate in London and Washington, D.C.
- Garment workers strike in New York and Boston; win pay raises and reduced hours.
- March 23-27 deadly flood rages through Dayton Ohio.
COST OF COMMON CONSUMER GOODS
![Woman's Suffrage March Washington, DC on March 3, 1913 Woman's Suffrage March Washington, DC on March 3, 1913](//www.annandalechamber.com/Historic Photos/Womans Suffrage March in Washington_ March 3_ 1913.jpg)
Federal spending: $0.72 billion
Consumer Price Index: 9.9
Unemployment: 4.3%
Cost of a first-class st
Loaf of Bread: $0.06
Gallon of gasoline: $0.12
One Dozen Eggs: $0.30
Average Annual Wage: $1,296.00
Cost of Average House: $3,395.00
Cost of Average Automobile: $490.00
Newly enacted Federal Income Tax: 1%
SPORTS
![Inez Milholland, Esq. at the front of the 1913 Suffrage March on Pennsylvania Ave Inez Milholland, Esq. at the front of the 1913 Suffrage March on Pennsylvania Ave.](//www.annandalechamber.com/Historic Photos/Attorney Inez Milholland leads the 1913 March on Penn. Ave while mounted astride a white steed..JPG)
World Series: Philadelphia A's v. NY Giants (4-1)
Stanley Cup: Quebec Bulldogs
Wimbledon Women: Dorothea Chambers
Wimbledon Men: Tony Wilding
Kentucky Derby Champion: Donerail
NCAA Football Champions: Harvard (9-0-0)
Most Valuable Pitcher: Awarded for the first time in 1913 to Walter Johnson of the Washington Senators
AWARDS
Nobel Prize for Literature: Rabindranath Tagore (India) Mr. Tagore was the first non-European to receive this award.
Chemistry: Alfred Werner (Switzerland), for linking up atoms within the molecule
Physics: Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes (Netherlands), for work leading to production of liquid helium
Physiology or Medicine: Charles Richet (France), anaphylaxy
Nobel Peace Prize: Henri La Fontaine (Belgium)
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